---
title: Help Decipher a 1790 Letter Between Philadelphia & Alex., VA Merchants
description: Can you help transcribe this 1790 letter about shipping cargo from Buchan Patton of Alexandria, Virginia to Andrew Clow in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania?
image: https://ourhistorymuseum.org/hubfs/IMG_6437.jpeg
---
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# Help Decipher a 1790 Letter Between Philadelphia & Alex., VA Merchants
Posted by [Ken Lopez](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/author/ken-lopez) on Sep 24, 2021 12:32:58 PM
The year was 1790, George Washington delivered the first State of The Union address, and the Supreme Court met for the first time. Washington, D.C. was formed from land in Maryland and Virginia (Philadelphia was still the capital), and Vermont was created out of territory in New York. Two merchants, one in Alexandria and the other in Philadelphia, were negotiating a deal.
Andrew Clow (Philadelphia) and Buchan Patton (Alexandria) were both entrepreneurs who started companies that shared their names. Both had dealings with George Washington, and both were in the import-export business. Andrew Clow would meet an early death ([yellow fever](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1793_Philadelphia_yellow_fever_epidemic)) a few years after receiving this letter. Buchan Patton is very much like a historical ghost. Little information seems to exist about him.
George Augustine Washington, George Washington's nephew, was managing Mount Vernon at that time. Buchan Patton, of Buchan Patton and Co. (Alexandria), had frequent dealings with Mount Vernon. A glance at Washington's financial records reveals purchases such as:
• 4 Sticks Twist @ 6d. 1 hank silk @ 6d. 1 ditto Thread @ 6d. for makg Coat for Frank & Bishop
• 3 lbs. seine twine for 0.7.0
• 6 Kegs white Lead @ 22/
• 1 Bushl Cranberries
• a wire meal sifter
• 2 Grind Stones
• 12 Dutch Blankets 1500—20d. Nails—2 lb. Fig Blue & 4 Wash Basons
Andrew Clow was one of two partners in the firm of Andrew Clow & Company (Philadelphia). In the 1790s, they operated a retail store located in Philadelphia at 20 South Front Street. According to [Winterthur Museum](http://findingaid.winterthur.org/html/HTML_Finding_Aids/COL0363.htm):
The Philadelphia mercantile firm of Andrew Clow & Company was active in the period after the close of the Revolutionary War. It conducted trade with Great Britain, France, Germany, Spain, the West Indies and coastal ports south of Philadelphia. The firm exported flour, grain, sugar, tobacco, and other commodities and imported a wide variety of goods, especially textiles (including calico, chintz, sheeting, worsted and hosiery) from Great Britain, wine and brandy from France, and wine, raisins and almonds from Spain. Both Andrew Clow and his partner David Cay died in the great yellow fever epidemic of 1793.
Andrew Clow & Co. makes frequent appearances in the Philadelphia newspapers of the early 1790s.
20 S. Front St in the 1950s:
Here's a notation from the 1790 census showing the business at 20 S. Front St:
Here is what 20 S Front St. looks like today:
And from Market Street looking south on South Front Street in front of the old [London Coffee House](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Coffee_House_(Philadelphia)) location.
In 1854 photograph of the same corner showing the [London Coffee House](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Coffee_House_(Philadelphia)) building still intact:
An 1816 etching of that same corner:
Buchan Patton & Company often appears in George Washington's financial records. I can find little else about the man or the company. Anyone?
Transcription: By Buchan Patton & Co. pd them for 6 Yds Wildboar for Miss Harriet Washington ( Washington's Niece) for a peticoat
The original correspondence appears below, followed by the transcript. In the version after the envelope, I have highlighted areas where I am uncertain about the transcription. Would you mind leaving your guesses about the words highlighted in the comment section at the bottom of the page?
Alexandria 5th March 1790
Messrs Andrew Clow
Gentlemen,
Your Esteemed favor of the 23? ultimo now lays before us as our vessell was obliged to call at Liverpool. Your offer would not answer — we have since sold the cargo under that disadvantage - but have 1000 to 1200 barrels grn at Norfolk. Will you want \_\_\_\_\_ highest you would give one half in bills the other in s/oecie or bank notes. It is on the sloop & may be shipped immediately. - Wheat, (what little comes in) is sold at 8/6 and flour 40/ I believe seven dollars may be had for a quantity.
Please forward note of M Buchan.
And we are very \_\_\_\_\_\_
Buchan
Yr might ob sts
Buchan Patton
Alexandria 5th March 1790
Messrs Andrew Clow
Gentlemen,
Your Esteemed favor of the 23? ultimo now lays before us as our vessell was obliged to call at Liverpool. Your offer would not answer — we have since sold the cargo under that disadvantage - but have 1000 to 1200 barrels grn at Norfolk. Will you want lb in the highest you would give one half in bills the other in specie or bank notes. It is on the sloop & may be shipped immediately. - Wheat, (what little comes in) is sold at 8/6 and flour 40/ I believe seven dollars may be had for a quantity.
Please forward note of M Buchan.
a/e And we are very resp
Buchan
Yr might ob sts
Buchan Patton
Updates: Based on a large response, here are the things I know and don't know. I'm putting uncertain's in the don't know column:
KNOW
1. grn = grain
2. s/oecie = species... a word I've never heard before that means either "in coin" or "in the same or like form."
DON'T KNOW
1. lb in the highest
2. M Buchan
3. a/e
4. sloop vs. spot
5. resp = abbreviated respectfully. Although I can see there is a strong argument for "responsible gentleman" or "respectful gentlemen."
Topics: [Alexandria, VA](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/alexandria-va), [George Washington](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/george-washington), [Philadelphia, PA](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/philadelphia-pa), [London Coffee House](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/london-coffee-house), [Andrew Clow](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/andrew-clow), [Buchan Patton](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/buchan-patton), [South Front Street](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/south-front-street), [George Augustine Washington](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/george-augustine-washington), [Harriet Washington](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/harriet-washington), [Liverpool](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/liverpool), [People](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/people), [Places](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/places), [Things](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/things)
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- [Horse (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/horse)
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- [Irene Ingram (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/irene-ingram)
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- [Isaac Robbins (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/isaac-robbins)
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- [J. Robert Baker (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/j-robert-baker)
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- [J.T. & J.G. Beckham (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/j-t-j-g-beckham)
- [JW Marden (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/jw-marden)
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- [James Green (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/james-green)
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- [Jno. W. Emmert (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/jno-w-emmert)
- [John A. O'Neill (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-a-oneill)
- [John Adams (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-adams)
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- [John D. Rockefeller (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-d-rockefeller)
- [John M. Lovejoy (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-m-lovejoy)
- [John P. Agnew (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-p-agnew)
- [John Vowell (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-vowell)
- [John Wellford (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/john-wellford)
- [Joseph Campbell (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/joseph-campbell)
- [Joseph Renyolds (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/joseph-renyolds)
- [Joshua Gilpin (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/joshua-gilpin)
- [Josiah Watson (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/josiah-watson)
- [Juneteenth (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/juneteenth)
- [Kingman (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/kingman)
- [Kinsale, VA (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/kinsale-va)
- [L.M. Coe (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/l-m-coe)
- [Laura Spelman Rockefeller (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/laura-spelman-rockefeller)
- [Lawrence Washington (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/lawrence-washington)
- [Leet Brothers (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/leet-brothers)
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- [Libby Prison (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/libby-prison)
- [Liverpool (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/liverpool)
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- [Lord Fairfax (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/lord-fairfax)
- [Lucy Alexander (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/lucy-alexander)
- [Lynnfield, MA (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/lynnfield-ma)
- [Manifest (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/manifest)
- [Map (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/map)
- [Martha Washington (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/martha-washington)
- [Mary Gregg Melvin (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/mary-gregg-melvin)
- [Mary Lemon (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/mary-lemon)
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- [Melvina Mishler (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/melvina-mishler)
- [Mercy Street (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/mercy-street)
- [Mississippi (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/mississippi)
- [Monitor & Merrimac (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/monitor-merrimac)
- [Monticello (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/monticello)
- [Mrs. Wilson (First Lady) (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/mrs-wilson-first-lady)
- [Murray-Dick-Fawcett House (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/murray-dick-fawcett-house)
- [Nanjemoy, MD (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/nanjemoy-md)
- [Natural Bridge (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/natural-bridge)
- [Norfolk & Southern Railroad (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/norfolk-southern-railroad)
- [Old Club Restaurant (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/old-club-restaurant)
- [Old Dominion Boat Club (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/old-dominion-boat-club)
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- [Old Point Comfort, VA (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/old-point-comfort-va)
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- [Oronoco Street (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/oronoco-street)
- [OurHistoryMuseum (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/ourhistorymuseum)
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- [Popes Creek (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/popes-creek)
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- [Princess Street (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/princess-street)
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- [Rhode Island (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/rhode-island)
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- [Robert Coe (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/robert-coe)
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- [Samuel B. Carter (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/samuel-b-carter)
- [School (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/school)
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- [Shoemaker (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/shoemaker)
- [South Front Street (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/south-front-street)
- [St. John's Church (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/st-johns-church)
- [St. Mary's, MD (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/st-marys-md)
- [St. Paul's Church (Norfolk) (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/st-pauls-church-norfolk)
- [Stacy Snowden (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/stacy-snowden)
- [Steamer Defiance (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/steamer-defiance)
- [Steiner & Yohe (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/steiner-yohe)
- [Stoughton, MA (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/stoughton-ma)
- [Stratford (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/stratford)
- [Susie Pollard (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/susie-pollard)
- [The Anchorage (Alexandria) (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/the-anchorage-alexandria)
- [The River Queen (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/the-river-queen)
- [The Strand (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/the-strand)
- [Thomas Ludwell Lee, Jr. (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/thomas-ludwell-lee-jr)
- [Thomas McKenney (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/thomas-mckenney)
- [Thomas Perry (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/thomas-perry)
- [Tobacco (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/tobacco)
- [U.S. Capitol (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/u-s-capitol)
- [US General Court Martial (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/us-general-court-martial)
- [USS Chesapeake (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/uss-chesapeake)
- [Vincent B. Brewer (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/vincent-b-brewer)
- [Virginia Melvin (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/virginia-melvin)
- [Virginia Shipbuilding Corporation (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/virginia-shipbuilding-corporation)
- [W. Clifton Cunningham (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/w-clifton-cunningham)
- [War Rationing (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/war-rationing)
- [War of 1812 (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/war-of-1812)
- [Warner Brothers (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/warner-brothers)
- [Warwick, MA (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/warwick-ma)
- [Washington Brewery Co. (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/washington-brewery-co)
- [Washington School for boys (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/washington-school-for-boys)
- [Water Street (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/water-street)
- [Wellington (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/wellington)
- [Westminster Building (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/westminster-building)
- [Weyers Cave (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/weyers-cave)
- [Wilkes Street (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/wilkes-street)
- [William B. Melvin (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-b-melvin)
- [William F. Roat (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-f-roat)
- [William Fitzhugh (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-fitzhugh)
- [William Ford (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-ford)
- [William Joseph Williams (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-joseph-williams)
- [William Ramsay (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-ramsay)
- [William S. Coates (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-s-coates)
- [William Snowden (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-snowden)
- [William Stabler (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-stabler)
- [William Thornton Alexander (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-thornton-alexander)
- [William Whann (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-whann)
- [William Wright (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/william-wright)
- [Wolfe Street Hospital (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/wolfe-street-hospital)
- [Woodrow Wilson (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/woodrow-wilson)
- [World War I (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/world-war-i)
- [World War II (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/world-war-ii)
- [Worth Hulfish (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/worth-hulfish)
- [Yeocomico River (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/yeocomico-river)
- [York, PA (1)](https://ourhistorymuseum.org/blog/tag/york-pa)
See all
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**About OurHistoryMuseum**
Our mission is to save history — its preservation via digitization. We hope to capture images of old postcards, transcribe old letters, and make all photographs available for browsing. Our entire museum is virtual. Our app will be available for download sometime soon. We are producing a prototype, and our first test market will be Alexandria Virginia, our hometown. But this is just a start.
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